Insurrection Act, plenary power, martial law and more expla

Understanding Key Terms: Insurrection Act, Plenary Power, and Martial Law

The discussion around President Donald Trump's plans to deploy the National Guard in U.S. cities has brought attention to several political terms. To be informed participants in democracy, it's essential to understand what these terms mean.

Law enforcement officers have been watching as protests unfold outside a U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement facility.

When asked whether President Donald Trump would invoke the Insurrection Act, Vice President JD Vance said Trump is "looking at all his options."

The Insurrection Act would allow Trump to deploy the U.S. military domestically for law enforcement purposes without congressional authorization and over the objections of state governors. This decision has been a topic of discussion, including a comment on NBC's "Meet the Press" about Trump's ambitions to send the National Guard to Democratic cities such as Portland and Chicago.

Author's summary: Understanding the Insurrection Act and related terms is crucial for informed democratic participation.

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PolitiFact PolitiFact — 2025-10-15